Lección 19
¿qué? ¿quién? tanto-tan; reír
La fotografía de mamá
Vocablos
cerca (de) | close (to), near | |
el | bosque | forest, wood |
Caperucita Roja | Little Red Riding Hood | |
atravesar | to cross; to go through | |
tanto (tan) | so much (so, such) | |
el | lobo | wolf |
la | oreja | ear |
es posible | it’s possible, possibly, maybe | |
te (a ti) | you (to you) (indirect object) | |
¿de qué? | of what? about what? | |
¿de quién? | whose? of/about whom? | |
joven | young | |
lindo, -a | pretty | |
la | verdad | truth |
guapo, -a | beautiful, handsome, good-looking | |
bajo, -a | short; low | |
delgado, -a | thin, slim | |
grueso, -a | thick, fat | |
el | ojo | eye |
la | boca | mouth |
algo | a little, a bit | |
los | labios | lips |
el | coral | coral |
reír, reírse | to laugh | |
la | fila | row |
el | diente | tooth |
igual | equal, identical | |
la | frente | forehead |
pequeño, -a | small, little | |
recto, -a | straight | |
la | nariz | nose |
bello, -a | beautiful, lovely | |
la | ceja | eyebrow |
espeso, -a | thick, dense | |
claro, -a | clear; light | |
la | pestaña | eyelash |
Learn the expressions:
en alta voz
loudly
todo es posible
everything/anything is possible
me gusta tanto
I like it so much
¿verdad?
right? (isn’t it? wasn’t she? etc.)
algo grande
a bit big
Grammar points
1. Interrogative Pronouns ¿qué? ¿quién?
The interrogative pronouns ¿qué? what?, ¿quién? who? are interrogative pronouns-nouns. They are used independently instead of the nouns and usually come before the verbs.
¿qué es esto?
what is this?
¿de qué hablas?
what are you talking about?
¿quién está en la habitación?
who is in the room?
¿de quién hablas?
who are you talking about?
¿de quién es esta lámpara?
whose lamp is this? / whose is this lamp?
¿de quién es este lápiz?
whose pencil is this? / whose is this pencil?
2. The adverb tanto — tan
me gusta tanto
I like it so much
tan grande
such (a) big...
The quantitative adverb tanto has two forms: the full form tanto so much and the short form tan — so, such.
The full form tanto always comes after a verb. The short form tan usually comes before an adjective or another adverb, for example:
me gusta tanto
I like it so much.
tan grande
such big...
tan rápidamente
so fast
3. The deviating conjugation of the irregular verb reír
The verb reír to laugh belongs to the first group of irregular verbs of deviating conjugation.
The verb reír conjugate in the following way:
Presente | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1. | río | I laugh | reimos | we laugh |
2. | ríes | you laugh | reís | you laugh |
3. | ríe | he laughs | rien | they laugh |
Pretérito imperfecto | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1. | reía | I was laughing | reíamos | we were laughing |
2. | reías | you were laughing | reíais | you were laughing |
3. | reía | he was laughing | reían | they were laughing |
Imperative mood
¡ríe!
laugh!
¡reíd!
laugh!
The distinctive feature of this group is that the stem vowel -e changes to -i when stressed, for example: reír — río.
Exercises
I. Fill in the blanks with the interrogative pronouns ¿quе? or ¿quién?
¿(With whom) habla Juana? ¿(What) mira el padre? ¿(Whose) es la fotografía? ¿(To whom) escucha el padre? ¿(About what) habla con Juana? ¿(To whom) da el libro? ¿(With what) come la sopa? ¿(Who) habla con Carmen? ¿(What) lee Carmen?
II. Translate into English:
Caperucita Roja era muy linda. Tenía los ojos verdes y grandes pero la nariz, las orejas, la boca pequeñas. La abuela de Caperucita Roja estaba enferma en su casa y cuando Caperucita iba con su padre a visitar a la abuela, veía por el camino muchos lobos con grandes bocas y grandes dientes, pero Caperucita Roja reía, porque iba con su papá y el padre de Caperucita reía porque no veía lobos.
III. Translate into Spanish:
Little Red Riding Hood enters and sees that the grandmother is in bed. Little Red Riding Hood asks: — Grandmother, why do you have such big eyes? — In order to see you better — the grandmother answers. — Why do you have such big ears? — In order to hear you better. — Why do you have such a big mouth? — In order to eat you better. Little Red Riding Hood screams. The mother enters and asks: — What’s the matter? Little Red Riding Hood opens her eyes, sees the mother and starts laughing. — Why are you laughing? — the mother asks. — Mum, can the grandmother be wolf?