Lección 17
The Imperfect Past Tense
El hotel de Cestona
Vocablos
encontrar | to meet, to encounter; to find | |
el | balneario | resort, spa |
contento, -a | happy, pleased, glad, content | |
el | lugar | place |
mandar | to send | |
la | lectura | reading |
querido, -a | dear | |
durante | during | |
primera | first | |
la | semana | week |
el | médico | doctor |
aconsejar | to advise; to recommend | |
poco | little, few, not much/many | |
la | enfermedad | illness, disease |
sobre todo | above all, mainly, mostly | |
cansar | to tire; to get tired | |
excelente | excellent | |
la | descripción | description |
el | hombre | man, mankind |
tratar | to treat, to address, to deal with | |
el | tranvía | tram, streetcar |
la | oficina | office |
la | redacción | essay, composition; editorial office |
charlar | to chat, to talk | |
fumar | to smoke | |
beber | to drink | |
marchar | to walk | |
el | pasillo | hall(way), corridor |
la | carretera | road, highway |
tomar | to drink; to take; to have; to get | |
las | aguas | waters |
el | veraneante | vacationer, holidaymaker |
rápidamente | quickly, fast | |
el | baño | bathroom; bath |
el | resto | rest (what is left) |
el | día | day |
libre | free | |
por ahora | for now | |
el | abrazo | hug, embrace |
Pepe | a diminutive form of the name José |
Learn the expressions:
en lugar de
instead of
sobre todo
above all, mainly, mostly
todo esto
all this
se puede decir
it can be said
tomar el baño
take a bath
por ahora
for now
Grammar
The Imperfect Past Tense of the Indicative Mood (pretérito imperfecto de indicativo).
In Spanish, the imperfect past tense of the indicative mood expresses repeated actions which were happening, habits in the past, actions that used to happen, or for emphasizing the prolongation in time of an action. It is often translated as ‘used to + verb,’ ‘would + verb,’ or ‘was/were + verb + -ing.’
The imperfect past tense is formed from the infinitive verb by adding the following endings:
For conjugation I
For conjugation II and III
The stress in the verbs of conjugation I always falls on the syllable preceding the -ba syllable; in the verbs of conjugation II and III the stress fall on the vowel í.
Pretérito imperfecto
The imperfect past tense
Conjugation I | ||||
tomar — to take | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1. | tomaba | I was taking | tomábamos | we were taking |
2. | tomabas | you were taking | tomabais | you were taking |
3. | tomaba | he was taking | tomaban | they were taking |
Conjugation II | ||||
comer — to eat | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1. | comía | I was eating | comíamos | we were eating |
2. | comías | you were eating | comíais | you were eating |
3. | comía | he was eating | comían | they were eating |
Conjugation III | ||||
partir — to divide | ||||
singular | plural | |||
1. | partía | I was dividing | partíamos | we were dividing |
2. | partías | you were dividing | partíais | you were dividing |
3. | partía | he was dividing | partían | they were dividing |
Exercises
I. Conjugate the following verbs in the imperfect past tense:
marchar
cansar
mandar
yo
él
nosotros
ellos
beber
vivir
yo
él
nosotros
ellos
II. Translate into English:
María escuchaba la carta de José y pensaba: ”¿Por qué no escribe cuándo regresa?”, pero en casa ya esperaba a María una carta de José. — ¿Qué escribe José? — pregunta la madre de María. — ¿Quieres leer su carta, mamá? — No, lee tú, yo voy a escuchar. María lee: — „Querida María: Estoy en el balneario de Cestona. Tengo ya muchos amigos aquí y voy con ellos al cine o al teatro, pero sobre todo paseamos por las calles de la ciudad y charlamos mucho ...”
III. Translate into Spanish:
Maria enters and says: — Jose returns. Then the girls talk about Jose. — Why is he sick? — Juana asks. — Because he was smoking a lot. — No, because he was studying a lot. — The uncle was helping Jose. — But Jose was studying at night. Juana’s mother enters and says: — You chat a lot. Study! — We were studying today in the morning at Maria’s. Her mother was working and was listening to how we were studying. — Study, study! — Mum, what are we going to buy to Jose? Buy flowers, this is enough.