Lesson 12-2 - Lektion 12-2
The narrative past tense in German (Präteritum, imperfect)
Lesson 12: Recreation. Sport. Activity 2
From this activity you will know how to:
- find out if the interlocutor does sport
- ask what popular sports are
- find out if the interlocutor jogs
- ask what the interlocutor’s best achievements are
Learn the words and expressions for the dialogue
sport
Are you interested in sport?
to do sport(s)
I like to do sport.
popular
He is popular among all colleagues.
kind, sort, type
There were fruit of all kinds.
to swim
She cannot swim.
to play
We are playing against Spartak today.
football, soccer
Do you like to play football?
to run; to walk; to go
My friend runs very fast.
ski
On Saturday we go skiing.
to jog
Many students jog nowadays.
to hold (on), to keep
We keep the flat tidy. / We keep order in the flat.
fit
The sport keeps me fit.
when; as
Whe he came, it was already late.
achievement; performance; result(s)
What is your best achievement?
metre, meter (m)
The parking lot is 200 m long.
second (sec.)
He runs 100 m in 10 seconds.
Pay attention to the form and the usage of the words
The verb spielen is used with an object without a preposition: Fußball spielen «to play football», Tennis spielen «to play tennis» etc.
Viele Kinder spielen Fußball.
Many children play football.
The noun Ski is usually used in singular without the article with the verb laufen:
Jetzt können wir Ski laufen.
Now we can go skiing.
The verbs halten and laufen, as other strong verbs, change the root vowel in 2nd and 3rd person singular from a to ä:
Sport hält fit.
Sport keeps you fit.
Er läuft.
He’s running.
You already know that the infinitive after other verbs (except for modal verbs and lassen) is used with the particle zu. However, there is a group of verbs after which the particle is not used: lernen «to learn», bleiben «to stay», gehen «to go», helfen «to help»:
Mit vier Jahren habe ich gut schwimmen gelernt.
At the age of four I learned to swim well.
Remember the following ways of word-formation (1 and 2)
der Sport + der Lehrer = der Sportlehrer physical education teacher
der Sport + -ler = der Sportler sportsman
Practise in reading the words
Treiben Sie Sport?
Grammar points
You already know that there are three past tenses in German: spoken past (perfekt), narrative past (präteritum) and past perfect (plusquamperfekt). The spoken past (perfekt) you already know.
The narrative past (präteritum or just past simple) is used in narration, in a story, when the happened events are not directly connected to the present:
Als ich bei den Eltern wohnte, machten wir oft Ausflüge ins Grüne. Wir lagen am See in der Sonne, fuhren Boot, gingen im Wald spazieren...
When I lived with my parents, we often took trips to the country. We were lying in the sun at the lake, were boating, were going for a walk in the forest...
The narrative past is formed by adding the ending to the stem of the verbs, except for 1st and 3rd person singular for which there are no ending. In doing so, weak verbs and modal verbs get the suffix -te (the verbs that have their roots end in -tor d — the suffix -ete). Strong verbs change their root vowel. Modal verbs lose their umlaut:
er machte, sagte, lernte, antwortete, arbeitete, badete usw.
er schrieb, fuhr, kam, sprach, schwamm, ging, ließ usw.
er konnte, durfte, mußte, sollte, mochte, wollte
er war, hatte, wurdeThe prefixes of the separable verbs go at the end of the sentence:
Am Montag reiste ich ab.
I left on Monday.
Remember the second-person possessive pronouns singular dein «your» and plural euer «your», which are declined as the other possessive pronouns.
Conjugation of verbs in präteritum
Singular
Plural
ich
du -st
er
wir -en
ihr -t
Sie -en
Auxiliary verbs
ich | war, | hatte, | wurde. | wir | waren, | hatten, | wurden. |
du | warst, | hattest, | wurdest. | ihr | wart, | hattet, | wurdet. |
er | war, | hatte, | wurde. | Sie | waren, | hatten, | wurden. |
1. You are asked what were you doing at the weekends. Answer. What question would you ask if you were the interlocutor?
B. Ich ging in der Umgebung spazieren.
Continue:
Boot fahren, ins Grüne fahren, am See liegen, Sport treiben, Ski laufen, Fußball spielen, schwimmen lernen.
2. You are asked where you were yesterday afternoon. Answer the question. What question would you ask if you were the interlocutor?
B. Ich hatte eine Konferenz in Dortmund.
Continue:
eine Besprechung mit den Kollegen, Verhandlungen mit der Firma, einen Termin bei dem Direktor, ein Ferngespräch.
3. You are asked why you did not come as you wanted to. Answer. What question would you ask if you were the interlocutor?
B. Ich konnte nicht. Ich mußte zum Arzt gehen.
Continue:
nach Moskau telefonieren, ein Telegramm schicken, die Kollegen anrufen, ein Ferngespräch bestellen, ein Paket abholen.
4. You are told that the interlocutor was doing a certain activity in a certain year. Say that you were also doing it.
B. Ich habe 2005 auch in Tübingen studiert.
Continue:
in die Schule gehen, bei den Eltern wohnen, in Kiew arbeiten, oft ins Grüne fahren, schwimmen lernen, ledig sein.
5. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the dialogue.
1. du Sport? 2. Da ich schwimmen. 3. Ich Ski. 4. Das mich fit. 5. Aber ich bin kein guter . 6. Was ist deine Sportart? 7. Wie war deine beste ? 8. Ich Fußball.
6. Reconstruct the dialogue by filling in the gaps with the appropriate words.
.
7. Try to reproduce the dialogue “Treiben Sie Sport?” by memory.
Check yourself!
What expressions will you use if you want to:
find out if the interlocutor does sport
ask what popular sports are
find out if the interlocutor jogs
ask what the interlocutor’s best achievements are