Lesson 7-3 - Lektion 7-3
Verbs with separable and inseparable prefixes in German
Lesson 7: At the restaurant. Activity 3
From this activity you will know how to:
- orient yourself in the menu
- choose something from the menu
- order the food
- ask the waiter to bring you something
Learn the words and expressions for the dialogue
to choose
We haven’t chosen yet.
pig; pork
I like to eat pork.
chop, cutlet
The chop is very good.
vegetables
I really like vegetables (not lit., see the notes below).
better, gladlier; rather (not lit.: prefer)
What would you prefer to order?
beef
I don’t like beef.
roast (meat)
I’ll take the roast beef.
as (a)
He works as an engineer.
ice (cream)
As a dessert, we’ll take (some) ice cream.
bottle
What is the cost of a bottle of juice?
glass; jar
A glass of water, please!
beer
Do you like to drink beer?
(used to counter a negative statement, no English equivalent)
As I told you before. / I told you so.
to bring
Bring me (some) juice, please!
in a minute, soon (in a small period of time)
Where is Fred? – He’ll be here soon
fish
Do you like to eat fish?
Pay attention to the form and the usage of the words
-
The verb bringen makes irregular main forms: it has suffixes -te and -t (as weak) and changes the root vowel (as strong):
bringen – brachte – gebracht.
The expression “like to do smth.” or even “love doing smth.” can be translated into German with the use of a verb + gern (gladly): gern schreiben “like to write”, gern lernen “love learning” etc.:
Ich esse Gemüse gern. – I like (to eat) vegetables.
The combination gern + haben corresponds to English as: to be fond of; care for; like something:
Haben Sie Ihren Beruf gern? – Do you like your professtion?
The combination haben + lieber corresponds to the English structure: like ... better:
Haben Sie Fisch gern? – Nein, ich habe lieber Fleisch.
Do you like fish? – No, I like meat better.The word das Hauptgericht is translated as “main course”. In German, it is not common to name “first, second, third course”. A standard course meal: die Vorspeise “appetizer”, die Suppe “soup”, das Hauptgericht “second course” and der Nachtisch “third course”, “dessert”.
Remember the following way of word-formation (1)
das Haupt head + das Gericht dish = das Hauptgericht
nach after + der Tisch table = der Nachtisch third course, dessert
Practise in reading the words
Die Speisekarte bitte!
You can guess the meaning of the words by reading the menu:
Grammar points
You already know how to give a short answer to a question: ja или nein. Note the peculiarities of a negative answer to a question:
Haben Sie das Formular ausgefüllt?
— Ja, ich habe das Formular ausgefüllt.
Haben Sie das Formular ausgefüllt?
— Nein, ich habe das Formular nicht ausgefüllt.
Haben Sie das Formular nicht ausgefüllt?
— Nein, ich habe das Formular nicht ausgefüllt.
Haben Sie das Formular nicht ausgefüllt?
— Doch, ich habe das Formular ausgefüllt.The word doch, which does not have a proper English equivalent, is used in a positive answer to a negative question. In this case, it has meanings: on the contrary; (quite) the opposite:
Rauchen Sie nicht? – Doch.
You do not smoke, do you? – Quite the opposite, I smoke.You already know that German has verbs with separable and inseparable prefixes (see lesson 3, activity 4 и lesson 6, activity 2). Inseparable prefixes are always unstressed and written as one word with the verb; there is no ge- prefix when making participle II. Inseparable prefixes include: be- (bestellen), ge- (gefallen), er- (erzählen), ver-(verstehen), ent- (entschuldigen), emp- (empfehlen), zer- (zerschlagen) and miss-(missbrauchen).
Some nouns denoting quantity, measure etc. are not used in plural:
eine Mark
ein Glas Saft
zwei Mark
zwei Glas Saft usw.
Verbs with separable and inseparable prefixes
Separable prefixes
Inseparable prefixes
ab-
an-
auf-
aus-
ein-
mit-
vor-
abreisen
anrufen
aufmachen
ausfüllen
einladen
mitnehmen
vorstellen
be-
ge-
er-
ver-
ent-
emp-
zer-
besuchen
gebrauchen
erzählen
verzeihen
entschuldigen
empfehlen
zerlegen
1. You are asked what dish you prefer. Answer the question. Ask the interlocutor the same question.
B. Ich esse (trinke) lieber Fleisch (Wein).
Continue:
das Schweinefleisch – das Rindfleisch, das Gemüse – der Salat, das Mineralwasser – der Saft.
2. Your interlocutor is wrong by thinking that you do not like a certain dish. Object to him or her. What question would you ask if you werethe interlocutor?
B. Doch, ich esse Fisch gern.
Continue:
der Schweinebraten, das Gemüse, das Beefsteak, das Schweinekotelett, der Rinderbraten, das Rindfleisch.
3. You ask to bring you what you ordered. The waiter is surprised that (s)he has not done it already. What would you say if you were the waiter?
B. Habe ich das noch nicht gebracht?
Continue:
das Schweineschnitzel, ein Glas Bier, zwei Glas Saft, ein Glas Wein, eine Flasche Mineralwasser, das Eis.
4. You have not done something yet, but you are going to do it soon. Answer. What question would you ask in this case?
B. Ich rufe ihn gleich an.
Continue:
das Taxi bestellen, den Tisch reservieren, der Glückwunsch überbringen, die Plätze wählen, das Hotel besuchen.
5. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the dialogue.
1. Ich nehme ein Schweinekotelett. Und Sie?—Ich nehme einen Rinderbraten. 2. Trinken Sie kein Bier?— . 3. Bringen Sie zwei Bier. 4. Ihr Rinderbraten kommt . 5. möchte ich Eis.
6. Reconstruct the dialogue by filling in the gaps with the appropriate words.
?
Trinken Sie kein Bier, Herr Smirnow?
.
!
7. Try to reproduce the dialogue “Die Speisekarte bitte!” by memory.
Check yourself!
What expressions will you use if you want to:
orient yourself in the menu
choose something from the menu
order the food
ask the waiter to bring you something